Kongera imbaraga mu kurinda ibikorwa byo kubungabunga ingufu kugira ngo birinde umutekano w'ibikorwa byo kubungabunga

Kongera imbaraga mu kurinda ibikorwa byo kubungabunga ingufu kugira ngo birinde umutekano w'ibikorwa byo kubungabunga
Gushimangira umurongo wo kwirinda ingufu no kurinda umutekano w'ibikorwa byo kubungabunga - Guteza imbere impinduka mu miyoborere y'umutekano kuva ku mikorere ya nyuma y'ibikorwa kugeza ku gukumira mbere y'ibikorwa binyuze mu gushyira mu bikorwa amahame ngenderwaho mu turere twinshi.
“Mu ngufu z’amashanyarazi, imashini, imiti… Ingufu zose ziteje akaga zigomba gukurwaho burundu no kwemezwa mbere yuko ibikorwa byo kubungabunga bitangira!” Mu nama yo guteza imbere umutekano w’inganda z’icapiro mu Karere ka Tongzhou, Umujyi wa Nantong, mu Ntara ya Jiangsu, abashinzwe iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko bo mu ishami rishinzwe imicungire y’ubutabazi berekanye binyuze mu buryo bwo gusimbuza abayobozi b’ibigo barenga 150 ingingo z’ingenzi z’ibikorwa byo kwitandukanya n’ingufu. Kuri ubu, kuva ku nganda zikora imiti kugeza ku mahugurwa y’inganda, kuva ku rwego rw’akarere kugeza ku gukosora byihariye mu nganda, kwitandukanya n’ingufu, nk’uburyo bw’ingenzi bwo gukumira impanuka zo kubungabunga ibikoresho, birimo kuba “umurongo wa mbere w’ubwirinzi” mu micungire y’umutekano, bigateza imbere impinduka kuva ku “gufata ibintu nyuma y’ibikorwa” kugeza ku “gukumira mbere y’ibikorwa”.
Igipimo cya mbere: Gusobanura amahame agenga imikorere y' "ingufu zose"
“Gushyira ingufu mu mwanya umwe si ugufunga gusa no guhagarika amashanyarazi; ni ngombwa gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwose bwo kugenzura ingufu zose ziteje akaga nk’ingufu z’amashanyarazi, ingufu za mekanike, ingufu z’ubushyuhe, n’ingufu za shimi.” Impuguke ikorera mu Ishyirahamwe ry’Umutekano w’Ibinyabutabire ry’Ubushinwa yagaragaje ko mbere, bitewe no gushyira mu mwanya umwe gusa no kugenzura nabi, ingufu zabitswe zarekurwaga ku buryo butunguranye, bigatera impanuka. Kubwibyo, amahame ngenderwaho y’itsinda nka “Amabwiriza yo gushyira mu bikorwa ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ingufu mu bigo by’ibinyabutabire” (T/CCSAS 013-2022) yasohotse yikurikiranya, agaragaza neza amagambo, inshingano, n’uburyo bwo gukorakwitandukanya n'ingufu, gutanga ubuyobozi busanzwe ku bigo.
Mu bijyanye n'imiterere y'iyi sisitemu, uturere twinshi twashyize mu bikorwa icyitegererezo cya "kumenya ingufu zose + kwitandukanya mu byiciro". Akarere ka Cangxi mu Ntara ya Sichuan katanze gahunda yihariye yo gushyira mu bikorwa, isaba ibigo gukurikiza neza "uburyo bw'imikorere bw'intambwe zirindwi": kumenya neza amasoko y'ingufu z'ibikoresho, gufunga imashini, kwitandukanya mu buryo bw'umubiri, gushyira ingufu n'ibirango, kurekura ingufu zabitswe, kugenzura kwitandukanya, no gukuraho ingufu. Ibi bituma habaho imicungire y'ingufuri ifunze. Ku bwoko butandukanye bw'ingufu, ingamba zirambuye zo kwitandukanya ziragenwa: kwitandukanya mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi bisaba gukata amashanyarazi no kuyasohora, sisitemu z'imiyoboro zikoresha "valve ebyiri hamwe n'amasahani adafunguye" mu kwitandukanya, ibikoresho bya mekanike bishyiraho uburyo bwo gufunga cyangwa gufunga kugira ngo "ubwoko bumwe bw'ingufu bujyane na gahunda imwe yo kwitandukanya". Muri icyo gihe, ihame rya "umuntu umwe ifunguzo rimwe, ifunguzo ryagenewe gukoreshwa" ryashyizweho neza, kandi birabujijwe cyane ko abantu benshi basangira imfunguzo zo kwirukana. Ibirango bigomba kugaragaza neza izina ry'ibikoresho, agasanduku, umuyobozi, igihe cyo gukora, n'amakuru y'ubutabazi, bituma haboneka uburyo bwo gukurikirana no kugenzura inshingano.
Amahame agenga ibikorwa byihariye arakomeye kurushaho. Dukurikije ibisabwa na “Ibisobanuro by’umutekano ku bikorwa byihariye mu mikorere y’ibinyabutabire” (GB 30871), ibikorwa nk’imirimo ishyushye n’ahantu hafunganye ntibigomba kwishingikiriza gusa ku miyoboro yo gufunga kugira ngo bivanwe mu buryo bworoshye; hagomba gukoreshwa uburyo bwizewe nk’inzitizi zifatika kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibikoresho cyangwa ingufu biteza akaga binjira mu gace bikorerwamo. Akarere ka Tongzhou kandi gasaba ibigo by’icapiro gushyiraho ububiko bw’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bwo gusana no kugenzura ibikoresho, gushyira mu bikorwa ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ingufu mu gucunga ububiko, kugera ku “gahunda mbere y’igikorwa, gukurikirana mu gihe cy’igikorwa, no kwandika nyuma y’igikorwa”.