Gufunga no Gushyiraho ibyuma bifunga by'amashanyarazi – Guhitamo uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibyuma bifunga

Gufunga no Gushyiraho ibyuma bifunga by'amashanyarazi – Guhitamo uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibyuma bifunga
Mu nganda zitunganya umusaruro, kurinda umutekano mu gihe cyo kubungabunga no gusana ibikoresho ni ingenzi mu gucunga umutekano w’ibigo.LOTO (Gufunga/Guhagarika)Sisitemu yo gufunga no gushyira ibirango ku ngufu ni "umurongo w'ingenzi wo kurinda" ubuza ingufu ziteje akaga, ukabuza ibikoresho gutangira nabi, kandi ukarinda umutekano w'abakozi. Dukurikije amakuru, zimwe mu mpamvu zitera impanuka zo kubungabunga ibikoresho zijyanye no kubura cyangwa gushyira mu bikorwa nabi inzira ya LOTO. Muri zo, impanuka n'ibyangiritse by'ibikoresho biterwa no gufunga cyangwa gufunga neza insinga z'amashanyarazi n'ibikoresho si gake cyane. Insinga yo gufunga, nk'imwe mu nsinga zo gufunga amasoko y'ingufu z'amashanyarazi muri LOTO, ifitanye isano itaziguye n'uburyo busanzwe bwo guhitamo no gukoresha neza insinga, kandi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kizwi mu rwego rw'umutekano w'inganda. Iyi nkuru izasesengura ubwoko butandukanye bw'insinga mu buryo bw'umwuga bwa LOTO, itangire kandi itange inama ku buryo, kandi isubize ibibazo bisanzwe by'inganda kugira ngo ifashe ibigo gushyiraho uburyo busanzwe bwo gushyira mu bikorwa sisitemu ya LOTO no kubaka umurongo ukomeye wo kurinda umutekano w'inganda.
I. Amamashini asanzwe yo mu nganda
Amashanyarazi yo mu nganda mu kibanza cyo gukoreramo ntabwo ari amwe n’amashanyarazi asanzwe yo mu rugo. Atwara ingufu z’amashanyarazi zikoresha ingufu nyinshi kandi zikoresha ingufu nyinshi kandi agahuza neza n’amasoko y’amashanyarazi y’ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gukora. Impamvu nyamukuru yo gufunga ni ugushyira mu bikorwa sisitemu yo gufunga no gushyira ikimenyetso muri LOTO, igafunga ingufu ziteje akaga no gukumira amakosa y’abantu, ahanini kugira ngo habeho umutekano w’abakozi no gushyiraho uburyo buhamye bwo gucunga umutekano w’ibigo.
II. Amamashini yo mu nganda adapfa amazi
Udukingirizo tw’inganda tudakoresha amazi dukunze gukoreshwa ahantu hakonje, hakungahaye ku mazi menshi, hanze, no mu nganda zikomeye. Harimo uburyo bwihariye bwo gukoresha:
1. Uburyo bwo gukorera hanze: ahakorerwa imirimo yo kubaka, ibikoresho byo kubaka hanze (nk'imashini zisudira hanze, amatara y'agateganyo), ibikoresho byo ku cyambu n'ibyambu, imashini zicukura mu mwobo ufunguye; 2. Ahantu hatose / hakungahaye ku mazi: ahantu ho gukorera imiti, ahantu ho gukorera imirimo yo gutunganya ibiribwa (gusukura), ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda, ahantu ho gukorera amashanyarazi hazenguruka amazi; 3. Ivumbi n'ibinyabiziga bivanze: ahantu ho gukorera imirimo y'ibyuma, aho gukorera imirimo yo gutunganya ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ibikoresho byo gukora imirimo y'ubuhanga munsi y'ubutaka.
III. Amaplagi y'indege
Udukingirizo tw’indege (tuzwi kandi nka circular connectors) ni ubwoko bwihariye bw’udukingirizo tw’inganda dufite ubwizerwe bwinshi n’urwego rwo hejuru rwo kurinda. Dukoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda zifite ibisabwa byinshi kugira ngo itumanaho rikomeze kuba ryiza, ridahungabanya umutekano, kandi ririndwe. By’umwihariko, harimo:
1. Ibikoresho byo mu nganda bigezweho: Imashini za CNC, imiyoboro y’ibikoresho byikora, ibikoresho bya robo, ibikoresho byo kumenya neza, ibi bikoresho bifite ibisabwa cyane kugira ngo ibimenyetso byohererezwe kandi bigire umurava, kandi imiyoboro y’indege ishobora kwirinda kwangirika guterwa no gukora nabi; 2. Ibihe bikomeye mu bidukikije: ibikoresho bishyigikira indege, ibikoresho byo hanze bigezweho, ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bya metallurgike na chimique, ibikoresho byo mu bwato, bifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kurwanya kunyeganyega, kurwanya impanuka, amazi adatemba, kandi bidashobora gukururwa n’ivumbi, kandi bishobora kwihanganira imimerere igoye; 3. Ibikoresho bigendanwa: robo zigendanwa zo mu nganda, ibikoresho byo kumenya bigendanwa, ibikoresho byo gukora neza by’igihe gito, imiyoboro y’indege biroroshye gufunga no gukuramo kandi bifite umurongo ukomeye, ukwiriye ibikoresho byo kugenda.
IV. Imiyoboro ya Photovoltaic n'imiyoboro ya Data
⑴. Ibikoresho bihuza amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic (bizwi kandi nka photovoltaic connectors), byagenewe cyane cyane sisitemu za photovoltaic, bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bihe bijyanye no gutanga ingufu z'izuba, byibanda ku bidukikije byo hanze, ubushyuhe bwinshi, n'imirasire myinshi. Imikoreshereze yihariye irimo:
1. Imiterere y'imashini z'amashanyarazi zikoresha photovoltaic:sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi zikoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic, sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi zikoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic (ibisenge by'inganda, ibisenge by'amazu), zikoreshwa mu guhuza panels za photovoltaic zikoresha imirasire y'izuba n'udusanduku two guhuza hamwe na inverters, zohereza amashanyarazi aturuka kuri panels za photovoltaic, zikaba ari urubuga rw'ingenzi rwo kohereza ingufu muri sisitemu ya photovoltaic;2. Porogaramu zo gukoresha amashanyarazi aturuka hanze:ibikoresho byo gucana imirasire y'izuba hanze, ibikoresho byo kugenzura imirasire y'izuba, amasoko y'amashanyarazi ya fotovoltaic ashobora kwimurwa, akwiriye ahantu hagoye hanze, atuma ingufu zikwirakwira neza kandi zigahangana n'umuyaga, ubushyuhe bwinshi, n'isuri ya ultraviolet;3. Imiterere yihariye y'izuba ry'amashanyarazi:Imishinga y’ubwubatsi bw’amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi (BIPV), sisitemu z’amazi zikoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi adasanzwe, sisitemu z’amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi adafite amashanyarazi ahagije, kugira ngo habeho guhuza module zitandukanye z’amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi ahagije kugira ngo sisitemu ikomeze gukora neza igihe kirekire, kandi yuzuze ibisabwa mu kurinda ibintu bitandukanye.
⑵. Umuhuza w'amakuru (uzwi kandi nka umuhuza w'amakuru), ukoreshwa cyane cyane mu kohereza amakuru n'ibimenyetso aho gukoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoresha ingufu nyinshi. Ukwiriye inganda zifite ibisabwa byinshi kugira ngo zihamye mu kohereza ibimenyetso no gukumira ingaruka. Porogaramu zihariye zirimo:
1. Imiterere y'imikorere y'inganda mu buryo bwikora:imiyoboro y’ibikorwa ikora mu buryo bwikora, sisitemu zo kugenzura za PLC, robots z’inganda, ibikoresho by’ibyuma bipima, bikoreshwa mu kohereza ibimenyetso byo kugenzura n’ibimenyetso byo gutahura kugira ngo harebwe uburyo ibikoresho bihuzwa neza kandi birinde ko umusaruro uhagarara bitewe n’ihagarara ry’ibimenyetso;
2. Uburyo bw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bigezweho:ibikoresho byo gupima neza, ibikoresho byo muri laboratwari, ibikoresho by’inganda zikora ubuganga, bikoreshwa mu kohereza ibimenyetso by’amakuru binonosoye kugira ngo harebwe ko isuzuma n’imikorere by’ibikoresho ari ukuri, bikwiriye ahantu hasukuye kandi hadatera ibibazo byinshi;
3. Itumanaho n'igenzura ry'inganda:Ibikoresho byo kugenzura imikorere y'inganda, ibikoresho byo kugenzura imikorere y'inganda, uburyo bwo kugenzura imikorere y'inganda, bikoreshwa mu guhuza module zitandukanye z'itumanaho kugira ngo byohereze amakuru, bigamije gutumanaho bisanzwe kw'uburyo bwo kugenzura imikorere y'inganda, bikwiranye n'ibisabwa mu gukumira imikorere y'inganda.