Uburyo bwo gukumira ishyirwa mu bikorwa ridakwiye ry'amabwiriza ya LOTO lockout-tagout no gutanga igisubizo cyuzuye

Uburyo bwo gukumira ishyirwa mu bikorwa ridakwiye ry'amabwiriza ya LOTO lockout-tagout no gutanga igisubizo cyuzuye
Impamvu nyamukuru zitera ishyirwa mu bikorwa ribi rya LOTO zigabanyijemo ibice bine by'ingenzi: kudashaka gukora akazi no gushaka inzira z'ubusamo, gutanga ibikoresho bidahagije, kutagira uburyo bwo gucunga, no kugenzura no gusuzuma ibintu mu buryo buciriritse. Ingamba zishobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu buryo bune - imiterere y'ibikoresho, imiterere y'imikorere, amahugurwa y'abakozi, n'ubugenzuzi n'inshingano - ziratangwa:
1. Shyira ibikoresho bya LOTO bisanzwe kugira ngo ukureho impamvu yo “kubura ibikoresho”
- Gushyiraho sitasiyo yo gucunga ifunga ry'ikigo (Management Lockout Station) kugira ngo icunge ifunga ryihariye
- Shyiraho ingufuri zishyirwa ku nkuta mu mazu yo gukoreramo, shyira mu byiciro kandi ubike ingufuri z’umutekano, ingufuri zo kwagura, ingufuri zo ku murongo w’abantu benshi, ingufuri zo gufunga imigozi, ingufuri zo gufunga imiyoboro, ibimenyetso byo kuburira, nibindi, bifite ibimenyetso bisobanutse neza, kwandika igihe cyo kuzigarura, hanyuma ukazisubiza mu mpera z’akazi. Kuraho inzitizi zihari nko kujugunya ingufuri mu buryo butunguranye, kudashobora kubona ingufuri, no kutagira izindi ngufuri zo kuzifunga ku bakozi benshi bashinzwe kubungabunga.
- Gushyiraho uburyo bwo gushyira ingufuri ku bikoresho mu buryo busanzwe
- Shyira imyobo yo gufunga ku byuma byose bikoresha ingufu, ama-valve ya gazi, ama-valve ya hydraulic, ama-switch main yo guhagarara mu gihe cyihutirwa; ku byuma bikoresha ingufu biri kure n'indenge ndende, koresha ama-locks maremare; nta mpamvu y'uko abakozi bashaka ama-points ahamye ubwabo, kandi akazi ko gufunga ni akoroshye kandi kihuse.
- Ingufuri imwe kuri buri muntu, irangi rigenwa n'ikipe
- Buri mukozi ushinzwe kubungabunga ahabwa ingufuri zidasanzwe kandi zihariye zifite kode yihariye; amahugurwa cyangwa amakipe atandukanye atandukanya ibara ry'umubiri w'ingufuri; birabujijwe cyane gusangira, kuguriza, cyangwa kubika mu ibanga ingufuri zisanzwe aho kubika ingufuri z'umutekano.
2. Gushyira mu buryo busanzwe inzira y'imikorere no kugabanya ibikorwa byoroshye hakoreshejwe intoki
- Gushyiraho uburyo bwa LOTO busanzwe bw'intambwe eshanu mu ikarita y'ibikorwa.
- Zimya kandi uhagarike ingufu → Gutandukanya ingufu z'amashanyarazi / gaze / hydraulic → Gufunga icyuma (ku bakozi benshi bashinzwe kubungabunga, koresha imigozi miremire kandi buri muntu agafunga ku giti cye) → Kuramo igitutu gisigaye n'ububiko bw'ingufu → Gerageza ibikoresho kugira ngo wemeze ko bidashobora gutangira mbere yuko bikorwa byo kubungabunga.
- Shyiraho ifishi yo kugenzura no kwemeza ko ibungabungwa
- Gusana, gusukura, cyangwa gukemura ibibazo by’ibikoresho by’imbere bigomba kuzuza ifishi yo kugenzura no kwemeza, yerekana aho bifungirwa, abakozi bafunga, n’umuyobozi, kandi nyuma yo gusinya gufunga ibikoresho ni bwo hashobora gutangira gukoreshwa; nta fomu yemerewe gukora.
- Gukoresha imigozi miremire ifite imyobo myinshi ifunguye kugira ngo abantu benshi bayibungabunge ku bufatanye
- Iyo abakozi benshi barimo gusana ibikoresho bimwe, bagomba gukoresha imigozi miremire yo gupfuka umuriro w’amashanyarazi, buri wese akinga ingufu ze bwite; abakozi bose bagafungura mbere yuko ibikoresho bitangira gukoreshwa, ibyo bikaba birinda cyane gutangira umuntu umwe imburagihe.
- Amasaha yo mu ijoro no kwita ku muntu umwe bigomba kugira uburyo bwo kugenzura
- Ku bikorwa bya nijoro n'ibikoresho biri ahantu hafunze kandi hafunze, umuyobozi w'aho hantu agomba kuba afite ibikoresho, kandi igikorwa cyose cyo gufunga kigomba kugenzurwa mu gihe cyose cy'igikorwa; nta gikorwa kidakurikiranywe cyemewe.
3. Imyitozo y'icyiciro kimwe n'imyitozo ngororamubiri kugira ngo ikureho imitekerereze y'amahirwe
- Amahugurwa y'icyiciro, kwanga ibiganiro by'impapuro
- Abakozi bashya: Kwigisha mu buryo bwa LOTO, kwerekana aho bakorera uburyo bwo gufunga, gufungura, no gufunga abantu benshi, kandi abatsinze isuzuma ni bo bonyine bashobora gutangira gukora;
- Abakozi bashaje: Kwigisha no kuburira buri kwezi ku mutekano, gukina amasasu y'abantu bakomeretse, impanuka z'amashanyarazi, n'impanuka z'ibikomere byatewe no kudashyira mu bikorwa LOTO;
- Abayobozi: Amahugurwa ku bijyanye no kugenzura no kugenzura ahantu hasanzwe hakorerwa igenzura, gusobanukirwa no kumenya amakosa asanzwe nko "gukanda gusa aho guhagarara byihutirwa nta gufunga" ；
- Imyitozo isanzwe yo kwigana aho bakorera
- Buri gihembwe, gutegura imyitozo ngororamubiri ya LOTO mu mahugurwa, kwigana uburyo bwo kubungabunga ibikoresho bifunganye, uburyo bwo kubungabunga valve, no gusuzuma niba abakozi barangije inzira yo gufunga no gufunga; gukosora imyitwarire yo koroshya intambwe mu kazi.
- Kwamamaza umutekano w'amaso
- Shyira imbonerahamwe y'ibikorwa bya LOTO n'ibyapa byo kuburira impanuka iruhande rw'ibikoresho kugira ngo byibutse abakozi buri gihe kudasiba inzira yo gufunga.
4. Kunoza uburyo bwo kugenzura, gusuzuma no kugenzura ibikorwa kugira ngo habeho inzitizi
- Uburyo bwo kugenzura buri munsi bw'urwego rutatu
- Abayobozi b'amatsinda: Reba uko gahunda yo gufungira hanze ishyirwa mu bikorwa mu ntangiriro no mu mpera za buri shift;
- Abashinzwe umutekano: Igenzura rya buri munsi ry'aho bakorera, hamwe n'igenzura ry'ingenzi ku masaha ya nijoro, gukanda, gushushanya inshinge, imiyoboro y'umuvuduko, nibindi, ibikoresho bifite ibyago byinshi;
- Abakozi b'ubuyobozi: Igenzura ritunguranye rya buri cyumweru, ryibanda ku iperereza ku byaha nko gukanda gusa aho guhagarara byihutirwa, kudafunga no kudashyiraho ikimenyetso.
- Sobanura neza uburyo bwo gutanga ibihembo n'ibihano, ukemure amakosa mu buryo butaziguye
Inkunga Nziza: Abakozi bakurikiza amabwiriza ya LOTO neza kandi bakamenya neza kandi bagakosora ingaruka zo gufungirwa hanze bazahembwa amashimwe yo gukora neza;
Ibihano Bikomeye: Iyo hagaragaye imwe muri izi myitwarire ikurikira, nko kubungabunga nta ngwate, gukuraho imfunguzo z'abandi ku buryo butemewe, cyangwa gukoresha imfunguzo zisanzwe aho gukoresha imfunguzo z'umutekano, abakozi bazahagarikwa ku kazi, bahabwe amahugurwa, kandi bagabanyirizwe imikorere yabo; kurenga ku mategeko kenshi bizatuma bahindurirwa akazi cyangwa bavanwe ku kazi.
Uburyo bwo gukurikirana impanuka
Mu gihe habayeho ikibazo cyangwa ikibazo cy’umutekano, hazakorwa iperereza ku nshingano z’inzego eshatu: abakozi, abashinzwe kugenzura aho bakorera, n’abayobozi b’ibigo. Abashinzwe kudakurikiranwa kwa buri munsi nabo bazaryozwa icyarimwe. Ibi bituma "guhana abakozi bari ku murongo w’imbere gusa" bitemerewe.
V. Kunoza imicungire y'aho bakorera, kugabanya ikiguzi cy'imikorere, no kunoza ubufatanye bw'abakozi
Koroshya inzira yo kwinjira: Aho gufungira hagomba gushyirwa ahantu hafi kuri buri murongo w'ibikorwa, bigatuma abakozi badakenera gukora ingendo ndende bajya gushaka imfunguzo;
Kugabanya igihe cyo gukora: Aho gufungira hose hagomba kuba hameze kimwe, bigatuma hatabaho gukenera guhindurwa cyangwa gufunga by'inyongera;
Kusanya ibitekerezo ku bari imbere: Gukusanya buri gihe ibibazo abakozi bahura na byo mu gukoresha imigozi miremire, aho gufunga, n'ibikoresho byo gufunga, kandi vuba usimbuze ibikoresho bikwiye kugira ngo wirinde ko abakozi bareka LOTO bitewe n'ingorane zo gukoresha ibikoresho.
VI. Incamake y'Ubuyobozi bw'Igihe Kirekire
Iyo LOTO idashyizwe mu bikorwa neza, ntishobora kwishingikiriza gusa ku kwitonda kw'abakozi. Ishingiro riri mu kugira ibikoresho byuzuzanya, inzira zisabwa, amahugurwa ngiro, igenzura ry'aho bakorera, n'ibihano ku barenga ku mategeko. Mu kongeramo ibitagenda neza hakoreshejwe ahantu hagari ho gufunga, imigozi miremire, nibindi, no gushyiraho uburyo bwo gufunga abantu benshi kugira ngo hakorwe uburinzi bw'umubiri, hamwe n'igenzura n'isuzuma kugira ngo hagabanywe amakosa ku bantu, birashoboka cyane cyane gukuraho imyitwarire yo koroshya cyangwa gusimbuka inzira ya Lockout Tagout, no gukumira impanuka nko gukanda no gukubita amashanyarazi.